Operative Techniques in Orthopaedics
Volume 19, Issue 1 , Pages 24-30 , January 2009

Surgical Technique for Adolescent Femur Fractures: The Trochanteric Entry Intramedullary Nail

  • R. Dale Blasier, MD, FRCS(C), MBA

      Affiliations

    • Corresponding Author InformationAddress reprint requests to R. Dale Blasier, MD, FRCS(C), MBA, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Arkansas Children's Hospital, 3 Children's Way, Little Rock, AR 72202

References 

  1. Blasier RD. Treatment of fractures complicated by burns or head injuries in children. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1999;81:1038–1043
  2. Caird MS, Mueller KA, Puryear A, et al. Compression plating of pediatric femoral shaft fractures. J Pediatr Orthop. 2003;23:448–452
  3. Kregor PJ, Song KM, Routt ML, et al. Plate fixation of femoral shaft fractures in multiply injured children. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1993;75:1774–1780
  4. Ward WT, Levy J, Kaye A. Compression plating for child and adolescent femur fractures. J Pediatr Orthop. 1992;12:626–632
  5. Sink EL, Hedequist D, Morgan SJ, et al. Results and technique of unstable pediatric femoral fractures treated with submuscular plating. J Pediatr Orthop. 2006;26:177–181
  6. Leet AI, Pichard CP, Ain MC. Surgical treatment of femoral fractures in obese children: Does excessive body weight increase the rate of complications?. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2005;87:2609–2613
  7. Moroz LA, Launay F, Kocher MS, et al. Titanium elastic nailing of fractures of the femur in children (Predictors of complications and poor outcome). J Bone Joint Surg Br. 2006;88B:1361–1366
  8. Flynn JM, Schwend RM. Management of pediatric femoral shaft fractures. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2004;12:347–358
  9. Galpin RD, Willis RB, Sabano N. Intramedullary nailing of pediatric femoral fractures. J Pediatr Orthop. 1994;14:184–189
  10. Heinrich SD, Drvaric DM, Darr K, et al. The operative stabilization of pediatric diaphyseal femur fractures with flexible intramedullary nails: A prospective analysis. J Pediatr Orthop. 1994;14:501–507
  11. Huber RI, Keller HW, Huber PM, et al. Flexible intramedullary nailing as fracture treatment in children. J Pediatr Orthop. 1996;16:602–605
  12. McGraw JJ, Gregory SK. Ender nails: An alternative for intramedullary fixation of femoral shaft fractures in children and adolescents. South Med J. 1997;90:694–696
  13. Parsch KD. Modern trends in internal fixation of femoral shaft fractures in children (A critical review). J Pediatr Orthop B. 1997;6:117–125
  14. Vrsansky P, Bourdelat D, Al Faour A. Flexible stable intramedullary pinning technique in the treatment of pediatric fractures. J Pediatr Orthop. 2000;20:23–27
  15. Beaty JH, Austin SM, Warner WC, et al. Interlocking intramedullary nailing of femoral-shaft fractures in adolescents: Preliminary results and complications. J Pediatr Orthop. 1994;14:178–183
  16. Beebe KS, Sabharwal S, Behrens F. Femoral shaft fractures: Is rigid intramedullary nailing safe for adolescents?. Am J Orthop. 2006;35:172–174
  17. Buckaloo JM, Iwinski HJ, Bertrand SL. Avascular necrosis of the femoral head after intramedullary nailing of a femoral shaft fracture in a male adolescent. J South Orthop Assoc. 1997;6:97–100
  18. Letts M, Jarvis J, Lawton L, et al. Complications of rigid intramedullary rodding of femoral shaft fractures in children. J Trauma. 2002;52:504–516
  19. Ostrum RF, Marcantonio A, Marburger R. A critical analysis of the eccentric starting point for trochanteric intramedullary femoral nailing. J Orthop Trauma. 2005;19:681–686
  20. Gausepohl T, Pennig D, Koebke J, et al. Antegrade femoral nailing: An anatomical determination of the correct entry point. Injury. 2002;33:701–705
  21. Gordon JE, Swenning TA, Burd TA, et al. Proximal femoral radiographic changes after lateral transtrochanteric intramedullary nail placement in children. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2003;85A:1295–1301
  22. Gordon JE, Khanna N, Luhmann SJ, et al. Intramedullary nailing of femoral fractures in children through the lateral aspect of the greater trochanter using a modified rigid humeral intramedullary nail: Preliminary results of a new technique in 15 children. J Orthop Trauma. 2004;18:416–422
  23. Kanellopoulos AD, Yiannakopoulos CK, Soucacoc PN. Closed locked intramedullary nailing of pediatric femoral shaft fractures through the tip of the greater trochanter. J Trauma Inj Infection Crtical Care. 2006;60:217–223
  24. Momberger N, Stevens P, Smith J, et al. Intramedullary nailing of femoral fractures in adolescents. J Pediatr Orthop. 2000;20:482–484
  25. Townsend DR, Hoffinger S. Intramedullary nailing of femoral shaft fractures in children via the trochanter tip. Clin Orthop. 2000;376:113–118
  26. Ricci WM, Bellabarba C, Lewis R, et al. Angular malalignment after intramedullary nailing of femoral shaft fractures. J Orthop Trauma. 2001;15:90–95

PII: S1048-6666(09)00079-2

doi: 10.1053/j.oto.2009.03.007

Operative Techniques in Orthopaedics
Volume 19, Issue 1 , Pages 24-30 , January 2009

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